Steam-generator



(Eo Modell.)

W. A. PENTEGOST.

STEAM GENERATOR. 10.49.15.160 1 V Patented Apr-.11885.

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UNITnD STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM A. PENTECOST, OF `\VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

VSiil?l-ICIFICAIION' forming part of Letters Patent NO. 315,160, dated April 7, 188,5.

Application filed June 210, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AWILLIAM A. PENTE- cosr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Viforcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SteamsGenerators; and I declare the following to be a description of my said invention sufciently full, clear, and exact to enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in apparatus forheating'buildings and apartments by steam, the object thereof being to provide a compact, efficient, and economical steam-heating apparatus that can be sup* plied at comparatively small cost, and which can be set up and safely operated in the basement of ordinary dwelling-houses without requiring unusual care and attention more than that required for the ordinary heating-furnaces.

The particular features of invention claimed are hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical sectional view of my improved heating apparatus. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the upper part of the fire-chamber and its surrounding walls and spaces. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the weighted steam check-valve.

In referring to parts, Adenotes the boiler, which is made with upper and lower sections, bolted together as indicated. The lower section forms the sides of the fire-chamber B, and is composed of an outer and inner shell connected at the bottom, and embracing a narrow annular water leg or space, a, between them, while a series of radially-arranged tubes or flues, b, passing throughfrom side to side near the upper part, serve to connect the shells and permit the passage of smoke or products of combustion. i tion or casting, riveted or bolted to the inner rim, is a copper plate, A', which forms the bottom of the boiler or crown-sheet of the firechamber, and upon the outer rim is secured the dome or top section, A2, ofthe boiler. The bottom plate, A,is supported by a brace-plate, c3, and stay-bolt, ai', in connection withabar,

Upon the' top of the lower sec-- a, fixed across the dome, as shown,which gives a rm but elastic support to the center of the thin bottom plate, A. Arranged about the lower boilersection is a petticOatsheet, C, reaching from the central joint downward past the flues b and iuclosing an annular space, c', in which the heated gases are carried downward along the exterior surface of the waterleg before passing upward in the annular space cZ within the outer casing, G, which covers the dome of the boiler A and supports the flue or pipe G', which may lead to the chimney, as convenient.

D indicates a tank or reservoir containing a iioat, F, that works the lever e and valve E, for regulating the inflow 'of water to the generating-chamber of the boiler.- The arrangement of thetank D, float F, lever e, and valve E, the manner of combining them with the generating-chamber, and their mode of operation for maintaining the water-level, are substantiallyv similar to devices described in Letters Patent No. 298,024, granted to me May 6, 1884, said. devices serving to give only a thin sheet of water over the fire-plate A of the generator.

In the top of the regulator-chamber D,above the float F, I arrange a reciprocating rod, f,

provided at its top end with a hand-knob,

whereby the rod can be pressed down onto the float or end of the lever e, for the purpose of forcing down said lever and opening thevalve E when desired for letting more water into the boiler or testing the actionrof the valve from the exterior of the apparatus. A small chamber, E, is arranged below the valve E, in which the end of said valve is guided, and from which the sediment can be drawn off; by means ofthe thumb-cock e", so that the valve will not become clogged. A glazed tube, D3, projecting to the exterior of the casing, serves to reveal the condition and water-level in the boiler.

The fire'chamber B is adapted for burning coal, and is in size about the same as that of 4an ordinary house-furnace, or, say, from sixteen to twenty-four inches diameter, (more or less,) according to the size of apparatus. In the upper part of the chamber I arrangea deflector or guard, I, which projects inward and upward from the furnace-walls in front of the ICO tubes b, in the manner indicated. This deiector may be provided with a tubular channel, z', perforated with a series of small holes, and adapted for admitting air or oxygen to mingle with and consume the gases. The ends of the air-passages may open through the front of the casing or through the furnace-door B2, and movable dampers or valves i' may be iitted theretoin any convenient manner for regulating the inflow of air.

If preferred, the deiiector could be made without the air-passages The defiector I is preferably made in two parts or castings and supported on lugs or projections on the inner rim of the boiler-section, and so that the castings can be readily removed and replaced through the doorway when desired to give access for clearing out the tubes b. rIhe deiiector I serves to direct the iiames and hot gases against the bottom plate, A', to prevent the throwing of coa-l into the tubes when firing, and also to admit air for thoroughly burning the gases from the fuel as they pass along the bottom plate and through the tubes B.

rllhe boiler and casing rest upon a base, H, i'nwhich is located the ash-pit h. Said pit is provided with a close-fitting upwardly-swinging door, H', that is connected with the steampressure-diaphragm regulator K, for governing'the draft of air into the fire and regulating the heat thereof in the usual manner.

R indicates the grate, supported in thebase H by suitable trunnions on its rim It', and by a-shaft, 'I,v having a disengageable connection at t to facilitate dumping the grate. A bar, S, may also be provided for shaking the grateY without dumping it. 4

The construction .and arrangement of the y grate devices may be of any suitable kind other than that shown, if preferred.

J indicates the steam-pipe leading to the radiators for heating the several apartments, and J denotes the return-pipe, through which the water from the condensation of the steam in the radiators ows back into the tank M, from which tank the generator is supplied with water through the pipe m, under control of the valve E.

The tank M is made as a close vessel of proper size, and is located at a convenient height-say four to six feet, more or lessabove the generator-boiler, or near the ceiling of the basement or room in which the apparatus is used. The tank may be provided with a gage to show the water-level, and with a discharge-pipe and cock, n, for drawing off sediment that settles from the water. The pipe m extends a short distance up into the interior of the tank, and it is also provided with a trap, M', or mud-drum, to catch any particles of solid matter that would be liable to interfere with the perfect working of the valve E. y

From the steam-pipe J, or communicating with the boiler A, I arrange a pipe, L, leading into the upper part of the tank or reservoir M, to equalize the pressure above and below the water, and thus counteract any tendency to force the water backward through the feed-valve E. Q

rIhe pipe L may be provided with a checkvalve, I?, having a weight or spring of sufcient force to balance a pressure slightly less than that of a column of water corresponding in height to the water-level of the tank above the valve E, if desired, to cut off the steampressure from the tank,except when the steampressure rises above the normal amount.

By the employment of devices such as above described, and their arrangement for action in the manner set forth, I produce a very desirable heating apparatus that can be practically, safely, and economically used for heating ordinary dwelling-houses, and which can be readily operated in situations where it would be impractical, if not impossible, to employ the ordinary kinds of steam-heaters, as well as in any desired or more convenient situation.

The size and capacity of the apparatus may be varied according to requirements and purpose; but it will be observed that for a given generating or heating capacity the size or bulk of the apparatus is comparatively very small, and also that it can be successfully operated with a small amount of coal.

I am aware that a steam-boiler has heretofore been patented in which openings through the water-leg or portion surrounding the furnace are employed, in connection with dampers or shutters, for closing the same during the normal operation of the boiler, said openings being for the purpose of giving direct draft when starting the iire. I do not, therefore, herein include a construction of such nature as within the scope of my claims.

WhatI claim as of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The boiler or generator, as herein described, composed of the lower section, having outer and inner shells surrounding the rechamber B, with annular water-space a, the series of radial tubes b, the bottom plate, A', secured to the inner shell, and the dome A2, secured to the outer shell of said lower section, with the internal braces for supporting the center of said plate A', substantially as shown.

2. The combination,with the boiler A, having the lower section or water-leg, a, surrounding the nre-chamber, and the series of radial tubes b, of the petticoat-sheet C, attached at the central joint and extending downward past said tubes, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

3. Ihe combination,with the boiler having the lower annular section surrounding the rechamber, and provided with a series of radial tubes or openings, b, of a deiiector or bridgeplate, as I, extending inwardly and upwardly in front of said tubes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the boiler having the re-chamber B in its lower section, and provided with a series of radial tubes, b, and entrance-door B2, of a deflector, as I, detach- IOO IIO

ably supported Within said tire-chamber in I 6. The combination, with a generator'eon` front of the tubes b, and formed in sections structed substantially as described, and'havwhich can be convenient-ly removed and reing an internal regulating apparatus, of the r 5 placed through said doorway, as set forth. sliding rod f, supported in the shell of the 5 5. The combination, with the boiler having generator, as and for the purpose set forth.

fire-chamber B and tubes b, as shown, of a de- Witness my hand this 26th day of June, A. Hector or rim, I, extending upward Within D. 188i. 1 said chamber iu front of said tubes, and pro- ,l 4 T vided with air-passage i and perforations for TILLAM A' PEL TEGOST ro admitting air to the fire-chamber, and shut- Wvitnesses:

ters i', for regulating the infiow of air to said GHAs. H. BURLEIGH, passages, substantially as set forth. S. R. BARToN. 

